Christianity became an empire of sorts, which in its own way for centuries effectively ruled most of the world. Latin has for many centuries been the language of the Christian religion, notably of Roman Catholicism.Law is crucial to governance and leadership, society and civilization, diplomacy and international relations, business, trade, and commerce, finance, the military, and therefore so is Latin. Latin has for many centuries been used widely in law.Also, for centuries, in fact for two millennia, Latin been a main language of scholarship and academia.Latin is the (or a) main and most recent root language for many major world languages.Latin is still taught to millions of students around the world, and will continue to be for a very long time to come. Its resilience would be extraordinary were Latin a living language. There are many more very familiar Latin terms in the listing below, together with the literal/original meanings, and modern usage examples.įor a 'dead' language, the resilience of Latin is extraordinary. Here are just a few examples of Latin terms which are used very widely in English, including some extremely common abbreviations: Latin however remains very much alive as a highly significant language, especially in technical references. Latin is a regarded as a 'dead' language because it is not used as a main language in day-to-day communications and life. The modern meanings and usage, while evolved and adapted, mostly still generally reflect the original literal translations. Latin terminology, expressions and phrases feature widely in the English language. Some of this Latin terminology is very common in general speech and written communications other Latin terms are more rarely used, in specialized situations, notably for example in law, science, and education/academia. Diēs comes from the very, very widespread Proto-Indo-European root dyeu-, dyu-, diw– “to shine,” and by extension “sky, heaven, god,” source of Latin Juppiter “Jupiter,” actually an old vocative formula meaning “Father Jove,” and the exact equivalent to Greek Zeû páter “Father Zeus,” and Sanskrit dyā́uṣpitā́ “Father Heaven.” Carpe diem entered English in the first half of the 19th century.Latin terminology, origins, meanings, translations, usageīelow is a list of Latin terms which (to varying degrees) are still used in English. Carpere comes from the very complicated Proto-Indo-European root (s)kerp-, (s)karp– (and other variants) “to cut, pluck,” the source also of Greek karpós “(cut or plucked) fruit.” The Germanic noun harbistaz, from the Proto-Indo-European superlative adjective karp-ist-os “best suited for plucking or reaping,” yields hærfest “autumn” in Old English (English harvest) and Herbst “autumn” in German. A more accurate but tedious translation is “pluck the fruit of the day (while it is still ripe),” which completely demolishes Horace’s conciseness. Carpe is the 2nd person singular present imperative of the verb carpere “to pluck, gather, pull (fruit, flowers, etc.) diem “day,” is the accusative singular of diēs, and the direct object of carpe. Roman poet Horace in the first book of his Odes, published in 23 b.c. The sentence comes from the 1st-century b.c. The Latin sentence carpe diem is usually translated “seize the day,” which is a concise but inadequate translation.
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